At 2Gs, a 100-pound person would feel 200 pounds of force. Some past rides have pulled G-forces up to 12G (the Flip Flap Railway), which is dangerously extreme. G-forces thus allow for a mass-independent comparison between different situations and their ability to generate forces. This list is of current record holders at the date(s) indicated.
Going through a loop, the roller coaster exerts different forces on each rider depending on the rider's mass, but exerts the same acceleration (and thus G-force) on everybody. Thus, expressing the forces in terms of G-forces, in this situation both of our seatbelts would be exerting the same G-force, even if exerting different forces.Īnother useful example is a roller coast. In the example you use, forces from seatbelts on bodies, if a young child and I (an adult) were riding in a car and got in a crash then our seatbelts would be exerting very different forces on us (since I have a larger mass, the seatbelt will be exerting a larger force on me to keep me from flying out of the car) but would likely be exerting the same acceleration on us, assuming the seatbelts keep both of us in our seats. One advantage of expressing forces as G-forces is that it is more technically an expression of acceleration than of force, allowing for more direct comparisons between objects of different masses.
So, if something is accelerating at 9.8 m/s$^2$, one would say it is accelerating at 1 G. A G-force is nothing more than a regular force but instead of expressing it in "normal" units (e.g., kg$~$m/s$^2$ or pounds), the magnitude of the force is expressed as a multiple of the force due to gravity on the specific object.
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